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ENVIROMENTAL ACTS/FOREST CONSERVATION ACTS/WILD LIFE PROTECTION ACTS.

 • Wildlife (Protection ) Act, 1972

• Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

• Forest (Conservation )Act, 1980

• Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

• The Biomedical waste (Management and Handling) Rules , 1998

• The Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000

• The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) (Amendment) Rules,2002

• The Biological Diversity Act, 2002

AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981

 

The objective of the Act is to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution

 

Functions of Central Board

 

·       Advice to central government on any matter related to air quality

·       To execute nation-wide awareness programme 

·       To provide technical assistance and guidance to state boards

·       Collect technical and statistical data to prepare manuals, code, and guide related to air.

·       To lay down standards for the quality of air.

Penalty for Contravention of Certain Provision of the Act

 

·       This act shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 3 month or with a fine extend to Rs. 10,000/- or with both.

·       Both companies and government departments are also prosecuted under the Air Act.

·       No court shall take cognizance of any offence except on a complaint made by any person who has given notice of not less than 60 days, in the manner prescribed of the alleged offence and his intention to make a complaint to the board.

 

 

 

 

 

 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT, 1986 (EPA)

 

·       Environment, includes water, air and land and the interrelationship which exists among and between them and human beings, other living creature, plants, micro-organisms and property.

·       Environmental Pollutant, means any solid, liquid or gaseous substances present in such concentration as may be or tend to be injurious to environment.

Hazardous Substance. means any substance or preparation which by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, property of the environment. The environmental protection act includes:

·       The procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous substances.

·       The prohibition and restrictions on the handling of hazardous substances in different areas

·       The prohibition and restriction on the location of industries and the carrying on process and operations in different areas.

·       The procedures and safeguards for the prevention of accidents which may cause environmental pollution and for providing for remedial measures for such accidents.

 

THE FORESTS CONSERVATION ACT, 1980

 

·       It is well known that breaking up the soil or clearing of the forest land affects seriously reforestation or regeneration of forests and therefore, such breaking up of soil can only be permitted after taking into consideration all aspects of the question, the overall advantages and disadvantages to the economy of the country.

·       Environmental conditions, ecological imbalance that is likely to occur, its effects on the flora and the fauna in the area, etc., it was therefore thought that the entire control of the forest areas.

·       That any reserved forest (within the meaning of the expression "reserved forest" in any law for the time being in force in that State) or any portion thereof, shall cease to be reserved.

·       That any forest land or any portion thereof may be used for any non-forest purpose.

·       That any forest land or any portion thereof may be cleared of trees which have grown naturally in that land or portion, for the purpose of using it for reforestation.

 

WILD LIFE PROTECTION ACT 1972

 

The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the Central Zoo Authority to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to it under this Act.

 

Functions of the Authority

The Authority shall perform the following functions, namely:

(a) Specify the minimum standards for housing and veterinary care of the animals kept in a zoo.

(b)Evaluate and assess the functioning of zoos with respect to the standards or the norms as may be prescribed.

(c)Recognise or derecognize zoos.

(d)Identify endangered species of wild animals for purposes of captive breeding and assigning

responsibility in this regard to a zoo.

(e) Co-ordinate the acquisition, exchange and loaning of animals for breeding purposes.

(f)Ensure maintenance of stud books of endangered species of wild animals breed in captivity

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